I. Hepatitis B: Concept and meaning

Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). This is a global health problem that seriously affects the liver and can cause dangerous complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis B is one of the main causes of chronic hepatitis and acute hepatitis.

II. Classification of hepatitis B

Hepatitis B can be classified into the following forms:
1. Acute hepatitis B: This is the first stage after infection with HBV virus. Symptoms may include fatigue, loss of taste, nausea, vomiting and muscle aches. Some people may develop chronic hepatitis after the acute phase.
2. Chronic hepatitis B: For people whose hepatitis B lasts more than 6 months, it is considered chronic hepatitis B. Symptoms are often less obvious or absent, but the liver is still damaged and can lead to cirrhosis.
3. Chronic hepatitis B: Chronic hepatitis B occurs when hepatitis B lasts more than 6 months and does not cause cirrhosis. During this stage, the patient may have no symptoms or only mild symptoms.
4. Cirrhosis and liver cancer: Prolonged and untreated hepatitis B can lead to cirrhosis, a condition in which the liver is damaged and scarred. Without timely care and treatment, cirrhosis can progress to liver cancer.

III. Symptoms of hepatitis B

Hepatitis B may not cause obvious symptoms in the early stages. However, as the disease progresses, certain symptoms often appear, including:
1. Fatigue and poor health.
2. Loss of taste sensation and decreased appetite.
3. Nausea, vomiting and indigestion.
4. Abdominal pain or discomfort in the liver area.
5. Yellow skin and eyes (sign of cirrhosis).
6. Increased swelling of the abdomen due to fluid accumulation (ascites).

IV. Causes and routes of transmission of hepatitis B

The main cause of hepatitis B is the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The main transmission routes of HBV virus include:
1. Contact with blood or body fluids of an infected person: Sharing needles or common tools such as razor blades or toothbrushes can transmit the virus. Activities such as unsafe sex and sharing personal objects such as razors can also be sources of transmission.
2. Transmission from mother to child: A mother infected with hepatitis B can transmit the virus to her child during pregnancy or birth.
3. Contact with other body fluids: HBV virus can exist in saliva, urine, drool and mucus. Contact with these fluids can cause viral infection.
To prevent transmission of hepatitis B, we can apply protective measures such as getting vaccinated against hepatitis B, using condoms during sex, not sharing needles and personal equipment, and Practice proper personal hygiene.
Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B can cause serious liver damage and cause many dangerous complications. Understanding the classification, symptoms and transmission routes of hepatitis B is very important so that we can effectively prevent, diagnose and treat the disease. Pay attention to your liver health and take appropriate protective measures to prevent hepatitis B.

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